Zebu blog

Category: Psychology Series

  • Five Market Theories You Should Know About

    When it comes to investing, there are several theories on what makes markets tick and what a given market move indicates. The two major Wall Street factions are divided along theoretical lines: those who believe in the efficient market theory and those who believe the market can be defeated. Although this is a basic distinction, other theories attempt to explain and affect the market, as well as investment behaviour.

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    1. Theorem of Efficient Markets

    The efficient markets hypothesis (EMH) continues to be a point of contention. According to the EMH, the market price of a stock integrates all available information about that stock. This signifies that the stock is priced appropriately until a future event alters the price. Given the uncertainty of the future, a devotee of EMH is significantly better suited to owning a diverse range of companies and gaining from the market’s overall increase. You either believe in it and employ passive, wide market investment strategies, or you dislike it and concentrate on stocks with high growth potential, undervalued assets, and so on.

    Those who oppose EMH refer to Warren Buffett and other investors who have repeatedly outperformed the market by identifying irrational pricing inside the broader market.

    2. The Fifty-Percent Rule

    The fifty-per cent principle predicts that an observed trend will experience a price correction equal to about half to two-thirds of the change in price before continuing. This suggests that if a stock has been rising and gained 20%, it will lose 10% before continuing to increase. This is an extreme example, as this rule is frequently used for the short-term trends on which the technical analysts and traders trade.

    This correction is considered to be a normal component of the trend, as it is typically triggered by fearful investors taking profits early in order to prevent being caught in a true trend reversal later on. If the correction is greater than 50% of the price change, it is interpreted as a sign that the trend has failed and the reverse has occurred early.

    3. The Greater Fool Hypothesis

    According to the greater fool theory, investing is profitable as long as there is a greater fool than yourself willing to purchase the investment at a higher price. This means that you can profit from an overpriced stock as long as another party is prepared to pay a premium to acquire it from you.

    As the market for any investment overheats, you eventually run out of fools. Investing on the basis of the larger fool theory entails disregarding valuations, earnings reports, and all other data. Ignoring data is just as risky as paying too much attention to it, and hence those who believe in the greater fool hypothesis may find themselves on the losing end of a market correction.

    4. The Theory of Odd Lot

    The odd lot hypothesis uses the sale of odd lots — small blocks of shares held by individual investors – to calculate the best time to invest in a firm. When small investors sell out, investors use the odd-lot theory buy-in. The underlying idea is that small investors are frequently incorrect.

    The odd lot theory is a contrarian technique based on a deceptively simple sort of technical analysis – odd-lot sales measurement. How successful an investor or trader is in applying the theory is highly dependent on whether he investigates the fundamentals of the firms the theory suggests or simply buys blindly.

    5. Prospect Theory

    Prospect theory is often referred to as loss aversion theory. According to prospect theory, people’s views of gain and loss are distorted. That is, people are more fearful of loss than of gain. When people are presented with two contrasting prospects, they will choose the one that they believe has a lower probability of ending in a loss over the one that promises the most gains.

    For instance, if you offer a person two investments, one that has returned 5% each year and another that has returned 12%, lost 2.5 per cent, and returned 6% in the same years, the person will choose the 5% investment because he places an irrational premium on the single loss while ignoring the larger gains. Both alternatives in the previous example generate a net total return after three years.

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  • 5 Myths About Technical Analysis Debunked

    TA is criticised by some traders and investors because they believe it is merely a surface examination of charts and patterns with no real effect on the market. However, there are many who feel that once they’ve mastered it, they’ll be rewarded with huge returns. Contrasting views on technical analysis have led to misunderstandings about how it is used.

    Misconceptions regarding technical analysis can be traced back to a lack of exposure to the subject in school. Someone who has just been taught the basics of trading may have little faith in technical analysis at all. If you have a background in technical analysis, though, you can still make money from it.

    These and other TA assumptions are the results of missteps and errors. For example, losses are sometimes caused by the bad use of technical indicators. That doesn’t necessarily mean that the strategy is bad; it could just be that the person needs more instruction and practice.

    Before we get into debunking myths about technical analysis, you need to make sure that you use the best broker for trading with the lowest brokerage on offer. Zebu empowers your online stock trading journey with a state-of-the-art trading platform as well.

    Here are eight of the most frequent technical analysis myths—and why they’re just not true.

    1. Short-term trading or day trading is the only use for technical analysis

    Many people believe that only short-term and computer-driven trading, such as day trading and high-frequency trading, may benefit from using technical analysis in their trading. It was long before computers were commonplace that technical analysis was used by long-term investors and traders rather than day traders. From one-minute charts to weekly and monthly timeframes, several types of traders use technical analysis.

    2. Technical analysis is only used by retail traders.

    Individual traders utilize technical analysis, but so do hedge funds and investment banks. Technical analysis is used extensively by the trading departments of investment banks. High-frequency trading is primarily reliant on technical ideas and accounts for a significant portion of stock exchange trading volume.

    Technical analysis has a low rate of success
    Successful market traders with a long track record of trading disprove this urban legend. A large number of successful traders attribute their success as a result of technical analysis and patterns. They do, however, attribute their success to strict discipline.

    3. Technical Analysis Is Quick and Efficient
    Trading success can be had by following a variety of technical analysis courses available on the internet. Despite the fact that many people begin trading by using simple technical indicators, long-term success in trading takes much education, practice, solid money management, and a strong sense of self-discipline. Technical analysis is merely a tool, a small portion of the larger picture to be considered.

    4. Price Predictions Based on Technical Analysis Are Accurate

    Many newbies expect technical analysts or software patterns to provide 100% accurate advice, which is not always the case. It’s common for new investors to expect a prediction like “stock ABC will hit Rs 200 in two months.” Technical analysts, on the other hand, tend to avoid quoting exact prices. They would rather give range-based predictions like a stock to move between 180 and 200 by the end of next week.

    Traders who place their bets based on technical analysis should be aware that it only provides a range of possible outcomes, not a specific value. When it comes to technical analysis, there are no assurances. Even if something doesn’t function 100% of the time, it can still be very profitable if it works more often than not.

    5. Technical Analysis should have a higher success rate

    Despite popular belief, it is not necessary to have a large percentage of successful trades to be profitable. In this hypothetical example, Peter has four successful transactions out of five, whereas Molly only has one win out of those same five trades. Who is the most successful person in their field? But even if the majority of people say Peter, we won’t know for sure until we have further details. Profitability is a function of victory rate and risk-to-reward tradeoff. It doesn’t matter if Peter wins Rs 20 and loses Rs 80; he still loses Rs 60. If Molly wins Rs 50 and loses Rs 10, she has a net profit of Rs 10. Even though she has had fewer victories, she is in a better position than she was before. Even if there are only a few winners in a deal, it can still be profitable.

    In conclusion

    Traders can use a wide range of tools and principles from technical analysis. There are successful traders who do not use it, and there are successful traders who do. Others argue that technical analysis is erroneous and theoretically unsound, despite the fact that many traders swear by it.

    Now that you have understood more about technical analysis, you also need to ensure that you use the best broker for trading with the lowest brokerage on offer. Zebu empowers your online stock trading journey with a state-of-the-art trading platform as well.

  • 5 Podcasts That Traders And Investors Can Enjoy

    Day trading podcasts can provide you with the best benefit of all: the interviewees can often provide a wealth of knowledge in a certain sector that would otherwise go unnoticed. In a nutshell, they’re a terrific source of fresh information and can help you make better decisions while you’re in the midst of a trade. Here are a few of the best ones you should follow.

    1. FREAKONOMICS Steven Dubner, the author of the bestselling book Freakonomics, hosts a podcast by the same name. Many people throughout the world have praised the book for its ability to explain economics in a way that is understandable to the general public. The Freakonomics podcast is listened to by thousands of people around the world every Thursday morning. The podcast itself has nothing to do with investing or trading. This is not the case, however, as he covers a wide range of issues and provides an economic perspective. The World Bank President Jim Yong Kim, TV celebrity Charlie Rose, and Vanguard founder Jack Bogle have all been on Dubner’s show. If you’re a trader, Freakonomics won’t tell you how to make the best investments. To the contrary, it will open your eyes to the small things that can improve your financial situation.

    2. FINANCIAL TIMES MONEY SHOW PODCAST It’s a weekly show, and it’s packed with useful information about personal finance. You and your wallet are in good hands with Claer Barrett and her team of FT Journalists (obviously) and prominent industry pundits. The Financial Times has a number of podcasts you can listen to in order to improve your day trading skills. ‘News in Focus’ and ‘Banking Weekly podcast’ are two other options for keeping up to date on the latest developments in the financial industry.

    3. TWO BLOKES This is a great podcast for beginner traders who are interested in the forex market, and it’s also a lot of fun to listen to. With a conversational tone in which they discuss their trading, Tom and Brandon prefer to talk about their own experiences rather than theory. Tom and Brandon conduct interviews from time to time, learning by doing so with the help of industry professionals they’ve invited on as guests. The Two Blokes trading podcast also includes evaluations of various trading tools and software, book reviews, and other topics.

    4. CHAT WITH TRADERS The host, Aaron Fifield, interviews day traders from around the world on a weekly basis in this podcast. Because this podcast shows you to parts of trading that you won’t find anyplace else, it is extremely significant. Sheelah Kolhatkar, the author of the previously stated book on Steve Cohen, was one of Aaron’s interview subjects. Morgan Slade, Nell Sloane, and Darren Reed are among the other merchants he has interviewed.

    5. RICH DAD RADIO SHOW This podcast, hosted by Robert Kiyosaki, is released every week. He meets with experts from a wide range of economic (financial, investment, and commercial) and personal development fields. Unlike many other shows, his thoughts on money, investment, and the economy are unapologetic, offering listeners a variety of perspectives on how to best position themselves for financial success. It’s a great method to motivate individuals to take charge of their own destinies and to provide guidance on how to reach their financial objectives. Which of these is your favourite?

  • 7 Things To Do At The Start Of Every Financial Year

    While it is natural for us to feel less bothered at the start of the financial year, reviewing your finances is an exercise you can conduct in April to ensure the remainder of the year is similarly stress-free. This analysis will help you in determining how well you handle your finances in the previous year and where you stand now. It will also assist you in taking the necessary actions to manage your finances properly in the short and long run.

    In this article, we’ll go over seven crucial things that should be included in your yearly start-of-financial-year assessment, as well as how to go about doing it. But before we get into that you need to understand that investment is also about choosing the right technologies. As one of the top brokers in share market, we at Zebu offer trading accounts with lowest brokerage, and an online trading platform to help you focus only on executing your strategies efficiently.

    1. Review your asset allocation and, if necessary, rebalance

    The first step toward improved money management is to analyse your portfolio across multiple asset classes and rebalance if your asset allocation has changed significantly.

    Assume you started the year with a 70% allocation to equities, a 25% allocation to debt, and a 5% allocation to gold. Equities are up roughly 21% in FY22, debt is up 5.5%, and gold is up 15.4%. As a result, your portfolio is slightly more biased towards equity, with shares accounting for approximately 72.5% of your portfolio, 22.6% for debt, and 4.9% for gold.

    To get back to your original asset allocation, you’ll need to rebalance your portfolio. Because your equity allocation has increased, you will need to register profits in equities and reinvest the proceeds in Debt and Gold in this case. Alternately, you might restructure your monthly SIPs to include more Debt and Gold.

    This activity guarantees that your portfolio’s risk is balanced, allowing you to better manage drawdowns.

    2. Examine Your Objectives

    The beginning of the fiscal year is an excellent opportunity to assess your progress toward your objectives. It’s likely that the amount you’ll need has risen more than you expected when calculating the amount you’ll need. If you were planning to buy a car, for example, excessive input costs may have caused prices to rise above average. In this case, you’ll need to recalculate how much you’ll need to invest each month in order to have the money you’ll need when the time comes.

    3. Evaluate Your Portfolio

    While long-term investing is essential for wealth accumulation, this does not mean you should invest and forget. A portfolio review should be done on a regular basis, and the beginning of the financial year is an ideal time to do so.

    A review will show you which funds have outperformed, which have performed as expected, and which have underperformed. While it’s tempting to get rid of laggards, you should be cautious about how you go about doing so.

    You should ideally only evaluate funds that have been underperforming for a long period (say at least 1.5 years). If the entire segment has fallen, a fund with negative returns may not be underperforming. As a result, you must compare the fund’s performance to that of the category as a whole. For example, if the fund has declined but not as much as the category average, you may choose to continue with it due to its stronger downside protection qualities.

    When your goals change, it’s also a good idea to review your portfolio. For example, when you were 10 to 15 years away from retirement, you began investing in an Equity Fund. However, you’ve nearly reached your goal amount and are only two years away from retiring. In this case, you’ll need to devote a larger portion of your collected wealth to fixed-income investments.

    4. Examine Your Life Insurance Requirements

    Your obligations expand dramatically after major life events such as marriage, becoming a parent, purchasing a home, and so on. You must ensure that your life insurance policy is adequate to meet all of these new duties.

    So go back to the calculations you used to determine the correct coverage for yourself, add the amount you’ll need to cover the additional duties and get any additional coverage you require.

    Remember that your coverage should be sufficient to give a monthly income to your dependents, pay off any debts, and leave money aside for future one-time large needs such as your children’s education.

    5. Look over your health insurance policy

    Major life events such as marriage and becoming a parent requires a review of your health insurance coverage.

    If you purchased a policy before getting married, you most likely purchased an individual policy with an adequate quantity of coverage. With more family members, you’ll need not simply a larger policy, but you’ll also want to be sure they’re protected. Converting your health insurance policy to a family floater and boosting the coverage is the simplest way to accomplish this. This ensures that the coverage remains in effect and that you do not miss out on any advantages.

    6. Begin Your Tax Preparation

    It’s ideal to begin tax preparation early in the fiscal year. That’s because you’ll have enough time to figure out how much you’ll need to invest to save the most money on taxes and weigh all of your possibilities. Furthermore, because you have the entire year to invest the funds, you can spread them out.

    If you plan to invest in market-linked products like ELSS and NPS, tax planning at the start of the year is even more important. Having a SIP that helps you save tax throughout the course of the year ensures that you benefit from market ups and downs. If you wait until the last minute, though, you will be forced to invest even if the markets are at an all-time high and there is a chance that they will fall. Furthermore, the money you will invest will be substantial.

    7. Increase the amount of money you put aside each month

    With an increase in your salary, you should increase your SIP investment by 10% per year. This will assist you in achieving your financial objectives more quickly. Other investment options include the National Pension System (NPS), which provides an extra Rs. 50,000 deductions in addition to the Rs. 1.5 lakh deduction provided under Section 80C. You can register a Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana account for your daughter if she is under the age of 11. This plan will give you a better return than the PPF or other small savings plans.

    These methods will assist you in improving your financial situation and ensuring a smooth financial journey in the future.

  • Everything You Need To Know About Paper Trading

    With the rise of high-speed trading and algorithmic trading in the markets, day trading has become extremely competitive. But it is an extremely difficult field to succeed in. That is why you need to practice as much as possible.

    Executing paper trading requires a huge amount of analysis and the lowest brokerages you can find in India. As one of the fastest-growing stock broker companies in India, we at Zebu have created the best trading platform for calendar spreads and other futures and options strategies.


    What Is Paper Trading and How Does It Work?

    Simulated trading, often known as paper trading, allows aspiring traders to buy and sell stocks without risking real money. Investors might be able to replicate trading with a basic spreadsheet or even pen and paper, but day traders would find it difficult to manually record tens of transactions per day and calculate their profits and losses. However, there are many online platforms that provide paper trading accounts for people to practice with before investing real money in the market. This allows them to try out different techniques and get some practice with the software.

    Consider paper trading platforms that offer live market feeds before you start with real money while looking for the ideal place to practice your trades. This is critical since you’ll want to be able to trade without having to wait for delayed feeds or orders to be processed.

    TradingView is a commonly used market simulator that most traders get started with. To utilize the simulator, day traders on these platforms will need to open an account, which may include depositing the minimum funding requirements. The good news is that traders can practice with the simulator before risking their money on live transactions.

    It’s important to remember that there are some distinctions between simulated and live trading. Simulators may not account for slippage, spreads, or commissions, which can have a substantial impact on day trading returns on a technical level. On a psychological level, traders may find it simpler to follow trading system guidelines when there isn’t any money at stake—especially if the trading system isn’t performing well.

    Paper Trading Suggestions

    The way you trade on a given day is primarily determined by the approach you utilize. Some day traders, for example, rely solely on “feel” and must rely on paper trading accounts, whereas others utilize automated trading systems and backtest hundreds of systems before paper trading only the most promising. Traders should pick the finest broker platform for their needs depending on their trading preferences and then practice trading on those accounts. Here is where Zebu comes in.

    When paper trading, it’s critical to keep a detailed record of your trades and to follow your approach over a long enough time frame. Some methods may only work in bull markets, leaving traders vulnerable when the market turns bearish. In order to verify that their strategies hold up successfully and deliver the maximum risk-adjusted returns, it’s critical to test enough stocks in different market scenarios.

    Finally, paper trading isn’t only a one-time activity. Day traders should use the paper trading capabilities on their brokerage accounts on a frequent basis to test new and experimental tactics before entering the market. For day traders who risk tens of thousands of rupees in hundreds of trades every day, simple mistakes can be extremely costly. As a result, paper trading is an essential component of long-term success.

    Advantages of Paper Trading

    Starting with a paper trading account can help you learn more quickly. However, there are additional advantages to self-education. To begin with, there is no risk. You don’t lose anything because you aren’t utilising real money. You can assess your mistakes and develop a winning plan. This also helps you gain confidence and gives you the opportunity to practice the tactics and strategies required to be a good day trader, such as profit or loss taking and pre-market preparation. Finally, it reduces the amount of stress associated with trading. You may focus on your strategies in a calm environment, removing the emotional aspect of trading.

    Paper Trading’s Drawbacks

    While paper trading will provide you with the necessary practice, there are a few drawbacks. You don’t get a sense of how fees and commissions affect your trades because it doesn’t use actual money. These simulators also don’t truly depict market reality, including lows and highs, as well as the emotion that comes with trading. As a result, keep in mind that this is a simulated environment where you can practice your trading talents.

    Practice Makes Perfect

    If you are new to trading or investment, spend as much time as possible with paper trading before entering the live markets. Make an effort to experiment with new strategies and ideas so that you can become more comfortable. Ultimately, the goal of paper trading is to shorten your learning curve.

    When it comes to executing paper trading, you need access to the best trading platform from one of the most reliable stock broker companies in the country. We also complement our platform with the lowest brokerage for trading. Please get in touch with us to know more about our services and products.

  • 10 Awesome Stock Market Movies To Binge This Long Weekend

    A picture is worth a thousand words, and a movie may express an entire tale in a single scene or even a single line of speech. There is so much to be learned from the media that we now have access to. Even issues like the economics, stock market, and trade have spawned a slew of critically acclaimed films over the last few decades.

    For those interested in learning how to make a living in the stock market, here is a list of some of the top stock market movies. Since it is a long weekend, the best time to binge them is now.

    1. Rogue Trader (1999)

    This film is based on a true story about a successful derivatives trader who took one too many risks, causing the bank where he worked to collapse. This film can help viewers comprehend how derivatives contracts work.

    2. Wall Street (1987)

    Wall Street is a film about a young stockbroker who uses insider knowledge to earn a promotion and becomes involved in stock price manipulation and insider trading, all while avoiding being caught by the authorities.

    3. Bazaar (2018)

    Bazaar is a thriller based on the life of a stock trader. Rizwan becomes caught in insider trading and shady networks after being hired for his trading expertise. It’s a good look into what it takes to work in the stock market as a movie about the subject.

    4. Inside Job (2010)

    It’s a five-part documentary that looks at the banking practices and policies that led up to the 2008 financial crisis. This critically praised documentary delves into the real-life causes and ramifications of such a tragic incident.

    5. The Big Short (2015)

    The Big Short is based on the real-life financial crisis of 2008, and it tells three stories: Michael Burry’s successful fund endeavour, Jared Venett’s entry into the CDS market, and how Geller and Shipley earn from shorting. It’s a fantastic stock market film, and while it concentrates mostly on debt securities, it covers a lot of fundamental trading principles and offers viewers an idea of how unanticipated occurrences can affect the market.

    6. Trading Places (1983)

    Trading Places is a lighter watch, a comedic stock market film about a con artist and commodity broker whose places are exchanged for the sake of a wager, and their revenge scheme on the two millionaires who placed the bet.

    7. Gafla (2006)

    The film portrays a middle-class man’s journey as he tries his luck in the stock market and becomes involved in a crime, which was inspired by a real-life swindle perpetrated by Harshad Mehta in 1992.

    8. The Wolf of Wall Street (2013)

    The life and career of Wall Street stockbroker Jordan Belfort were depicted in this Hollywood blockbuster, which received critical praise. The film traces Belfort’s journey from an entry-level position to massive losses due to Black Monday, to a pump-and-dump penny stock scheme, and finally to the launch of his new firm, which is probed by the US SEC and FBI. It is undoubtedly one of the best stock market movies, as it depicts the finance sector and its rotten underbelly.

    9. Too Big to Fail (2011)

    Another film about the 2008 financial crisis, Too Big To Fail, focuses on the necessity of financial institution stability and how hazardous their failure could be for the entire economy.

    10. Money Monster (2016)

    After Budwell loses all of his savings owing to the advice of a financial expert on a TV show, he pursues the expert and his team and holds them hostage in order to obtain information about the stock’s decline. The film is a fantastic stock market movie to see since it emphasises the importance of not blindly trusting so-called market experts.

    To sum it up

    Real-life and art continue to be influenced by one another. While many of these stock market films deal with subjects such as corruption and criminality, they nonetheless teach us a lot about the market. By watching these wonderful films that provide some insight into the workings of the global markets, you may combine education and fun. Prospective investors can register a brokerage account online right now to get started on their financial adventure.

  • How Do Economic Sanctions Work?

    It was on Thursday that President Biden announced more sanctions against Russia, this time aimed at its financial sector. Russia’s biggest banks will be cut off from the U.S. financial system, and some of its biggest businesses, such as Gazprom, will not be able to get money from American banks.

    Economic sanctions are penalties that are imposed on a country, its officials, or private citizens, either as punishment or as a way to make people think twice about certain policies and actions.

    Trade embargoes and asset seizures are examples of economic sanctions. They can be used to stop people from going to the country or to stop them from exporting goods. By definition, sanctions are for people who aren’t easily subject to law enforcement by the country that is sanctioning them. For example, as a Russian citizen, President Putin cannot be tried by the law enforcement of the USA. But in order to still hold him accountable for certain actions, sanctions are imposed on his country’s economy.

    Economic sanctions are a policy tool that doesn’t use military force to punish or stop bad behaviour. They can be used all over the world, even if the sanctioning country doesn’t have a border. They can be costly for their targets because they will be cut off from global trade and economies.

    Economic sanctions can also be a weak and ineffective policy tool. They can have little effect on the governments they target and a lot on their most vulnerable citizens.

    It is because the U.S. and the European Union are the world’s biggest economies and trade blocs that they have a lot of power to use sanctions.

    In many ways, sanctions can be put on people, but they can also come in many different forms.

    Economic sanctions can be put in place by a single country or by a group of countries or an international organisation.

    Sanctions can be used in multiple ways

    When a country doesn’t want to trade with you, it puts a “trade embargo” on them. This means that you can’t do business with them, but sometimes there are exceptions for humanitarian reasons. It has been a long time since the United States has banned trade with Cuba, Iran, and North Korea.

    Export controls: Export restrictions stop the sale of certain products, services, and intellectual property to certain countries. They often limit the sale of weapons, technology that can be used in the military, or, as for Russia, oil drilling technologies and equipment.

    Capital controls: these can limit investment in certain countries or industries, or they can make it difficult for a country’s issuers to get money from other countries.
    There are many types of trade sanctions, and they can include import restrictions for certain countries, regions, or industries.

    Asset freezes or seizures: Assets in sanctioning countries can be frozen or seized, which stops them from being sold or taken out of the country.

    Travel restrictions: Officials and private citizens, as well as their immediate families, may not be able to travel to countries that have been punished.

    Examples of sanctions

    Economic sanctions against China include restrictions on U.S. imports from China’s Xinjiang region because of human rights violations against Uighurs.

    In 2014, Russia took Crimea from Ukraine, and the U.S. and the European Union also put sanctions on Russian officials, businesses, and companies because of the move.

    Economic sanctions against apartheid-era South Africa are often said to have played a role in the peaceful transition to majority rule there.

    Sanctions against Saddam Hussein’s Iraq, on the other hand, did not stop him from running the country and were called by some a “humanitarian disaster.”

    In conclusion:

    The success of sanctions can be measured by how well they achieve the policy goals they were set out to achieve, or how much they cost the countries and people they target, if punishment is the goal. They can also make the people of the country they want to punish pay for it, as well as the businesses of the country that is being punished.

    If the goal is to change the behaviour of the countries and people who are being sanctioned, their incentives and options will play at least as big a role as the sanctions’ power.

    For example, in Russia’s case during this war, these sanctions will hurt Russian citizens economically. The Russian index fell more than 45% since the start of the war and sanctions are an indirect way of putting pressure on Russian citizens to oppose the rule of the President.

  • The Best Books to Read On Personal Finance

    Large Cap vs Mid Cap vs Small Cap: Key Differences That Actually Matter

    Personal finance books can help you get started with money management more effectively. At the most fundamental level, you can learn personal finance fundamentals, such as why paying yourself first pays off or how to manage and pay off debt, to become smarter and more confident with your money. However, it does not end there. They can also teach you how to invest, manage a mortgage, build a nest egg, save for retirement, and ultimately assist you in avoiding common money pitfalls in order to foster a healthy relationship with your money. It’s not easy reading, but your wallet and future self will thank you. Before we begin… When you take full responsibility for your financial future, it helps to be supported by one of the top brokers in share market. Zebu is one of the fastest-growing platforms in the country for trading and investing and we have a team that would love to help you out with your financial objectives. We have Zebull, the best online trading platform with a host of features, and one of the lowest brokerage fees for intraday trading. Here are our recommendations for the best personal finance books. Why Didn’t They Teach Me This in School? If you ask anyone what they wish they had learned more about in school, the answer is almost certainly money. More specifically, how to properly manage one’s finances—hence the title of Cary Siegel’s book, “Why Didn’t They Teach Me This in School?” Siegel, a retired business executive, divides the book into 99 principles and eight financial lessons that you should have learned by high school or college but didn’t. When he realised his five children weren’t learning important personal finance principles before entering the real world, he wrote this book for them, but it grew into a well-reviewed read full of important financial lessons with Siegel’s first hand experiences as well. This simple book is ideal for recent graduates or anyone looking to begin their personal finance journey on the right foot. Rich Dad Poor Dad You’ve probably heard of Robert Kiyosaki’s book “Rich Dad, Poor Dad,” but there’s a reason it’s been around for over two decades. Kiyosaki shares what he learned growing up from his father and a friend’s father, the latter of whom is referred to as the “rich dad” in the title, in one of the most popular personal finance books of all time. These lessons cover topics such as how you don’t need a lot of money to get rich, assets and liabilities, and why schools won’t teach your children what they need to know about personal finance. This 20th anniversary edition includes an author update on money, the economy, and investing. The Total Money Makeover Debt management is critical to the health of your personal finances. Do you require assistance in this area? Examine Dave Ramsey’s “The Total Money Makeover.” This New York Times bestseller explains, without equivocation, how to get out of debt and improve your financial situation by avoiding common pitfalls such as rent-to-own, cash advances, and credit. It also provides sound advice on how to start an emergency fund, save for college and retirement, and use Ramsey’s famous “Snowball Method” to pay off debt. The Automatic Millionaire Who wouldn’t like to be a millionaire? The New York Times, USA Today, Bloomberg Businessweek, and Wall Street Journal business bestseller “The Automatic Millionaire” by David Bach teaches you how to do just that. The book begins with the storey of a couple who earns a combined $55,000 per year and how they achieved their financial goals. Consider this: owning two homes, paying for their children’s college, and retiring at 55 with a $1 million retirement nest egg. What is the secret? Creating a financial system that not only pays yourself first, but also does so automatically. Broke Millennial This is the personal finance book for you if you can decipher #GYFLT. (Hint: in social media speak, #GYFLT stands for “get your financial life together.”) In her signature conversational style, Erin Lowry’s “Broke Millennial” explains how 20-somethings can take control of their personal finances. This book covers the most pressing financial issues confronting millennials today, from understanding your relationship with money to managing student loans to sharing financial details with a partner. The One-Page Financial Plan Confused about your money, whether it’s how to invest properly or how to deal with unexpected financial challenges? “The One-Page Financial Plan” by Carl Richards removes the mystery of effectively managing your finances. This book not only helps you figure out what your financial goals are but also shows you how to get there in a simple, one-page plan. The author is a Certified Financial Planner as well as a New York Times columnist. I Will Teach You to Be Rich Financial expert Ramit Sethi explains in “I Will Teach You to Be Rich,” a New York Times and Wall Street Journal best-seller, that you can spend your money guilt-free as long as it is invested and allocated properly. This title discusses how to avoid common financial pitfalls, such as paying off student loans, saving money on a monthly basis, and even negotiating your way out of late fees. This tenth-anniversary edition includes new perspectives on technology, money, and psychology, as well as success stories from readers who have made a fortune after reading—you guessed it—book. Sethi’s Clever Girl Finance According to the US Department of Labor, women still earn $0.82 for every dollar earned by men, while mothers earn $0.71 for every dollar earned by fathers. In short, when it comes to money, women still have to work harder. Bola Sokunbi’s “Clever Girl Finance” aims to empower and educate a new generation of women on topics such as budgeting, creating and sticking to a budget, managing credit, saving for retirement, and taking responsibility for your own financial well-being. The Psychology of Money This book is an intriguing look at the psychology of money and how your ego, preconceived notions, and even your pride can influence your financial decisions. As you might expect, this isn’t the best way to manage your investment portfolio, and Morgan Housel’s “The Psychology of Money” provides readers with tips and tools for combating these biases in the form of 19 short stories that all focus on the same topic. Housel is a partner at The Collaborative Fund and a former Wall Street Journal columnist. Your Money or Your Life Vicki Robin’s book has sold over a million copies details a nine-step plan to help readers change their relationship with money. This book will teach you how to get out of debt, start investing, build wealth, and even save money by using Robin’s signature mindfulness technique. Accounting Books You Should Read The Final Word Whether you’re new to finances or simply want more financial advice, “Why Didn’t They Teach Me This In School?” by Cary Siegel is the best overall personal finance book (view at Amazon). It teaches eight important money lessons that you should have learned by high school, as well as a whopping 99 principles for saving, investing, and building wealth. While you take charge of your personal finances, we at Zebu, one of the top brokers in share market, are here to assist you with everything. From helping you understand different asset classes and how you can benefit from them, Zebu supports you with Zebull, a superb online trading platform and the lowest brokerage for intraday trading. Please get in touch with us to know more about our products and services.